Journal: Membranes
Article Title: Overcoming the Limitations of Forward Osmosis and Membrane Distillation in Sustainable Hybrid Processes Managing the Water–Energy Nexus
doi: 10.3390/membranes15060162
Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Fluxes and conductivity of the standalone MD for textile wastewater treatment (feed temperature: 55 °C, permeate temperature: 10 °C); ( b ) FO fluxes and MD permeate conductivity of the FO-MD hybrid process (FO feed temperature: 22 °C, DS temperature: 35 °C, MD permeate temperature: 8 °C). FO membrane: graphene oxide. The FO membrane was fabricated via interfacial polymerization. MD membrane: Commercial PTFE with a pore size of 0.45 µm from Chanqi, China .
Article Snippet: FS: wastewater. DS: 1.5 M Na 2 SO 4 . FO membrane: CTA membrane from HTI (USA). MD membrane: PTFE membrane from Sterlitech Corporation (Auburn, WA, USA). , FO feed and DS cross flow rates: 0.2 L/min, FS temperature: 25 °C. MD feed flow rate: 0.2 L/min, distillate flow rate: 0.1 L/min, feed temperature: 55 °C, distillate temperatures: 5, 15, and 25 °C. Optimal MD performance at a temperature difference of 50 °C. Flux: 18.6 LMH, RSF: 5.1–8 gMH [ ]. .
Techniques: Membrane, Pore Size